02 September 2019 Category: Research Modest and sustained decreases in blood pressure and cholesterol levels reduces the lifetime risk of developing fatal heart and circulatory diseases, such as heart attack and stroke, according to research we've part-funded. The findings are being presented at the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Congress in Paris and published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA). Researchers have found that a long-term reduction of 1 mmol/L low-density lipoprotein (LDL), or ‘bad’ cholesterol, in the blood with a 10 mmHg reduction in blood pressure led to an 80 per cent lower lifetime risk of developing heart and circulatory disease. This
combination also reduced the risk of death from these conditions by 67 per cent. Even small reductions are beneficialThe team found that even small reductions can provide health benefits. A decrease of 0.3 mmol/L LDL cholesterol in the blood and 3 mmHg lower blood pressure was associated with a 50 per cent lower lifetime risk of heart and circulatory disease. Scientists have previously found that lowering both blood pressure and the amount of ‘bad’ cholesterol in the blood are two ways which can prevent the onset of heart and circulatory disease. However, the risk, which accumulates over time, has not been quantified before. In this study, Professor Brian Ference and his team studied 438,952 participants in the UK Biobank, who had a total of 24,980 major coronary events - defined as the first occurrence of non-fatal heart attack, ischaemic stroke or death due to coronary heart disease. They used an approach called Mendelian randomisation, which uses naturally occurring genetic differences to randomly divide the participants into groups, mimicking the effects of running a clinical trial. People with genes associated with lower blood pressure, lower LDL cholesterol and a combination of both were put into different groups, and compared against those without these genetic associations. Differences in blood LDL cholesterol and systolic blood pressure (the highest level that blood pressure reaches when the heart contracts), along with the number of cardiovascular events was compared between groups. Professor Brian Ference now hopes that these findings can bring about change in the healthcare of people at greater risk of developing heart and circulation complications, and improved guidance for those requiring lifestyle changes. Professor Sir Nilesh Samani, our Medical Director, said: “This research again demonstrates that high blood pressure and raised cholesterol are key risk factors for heart attacks and strokes. But how many of us know our numbers for these, or have made sustained efforts to lower them? Hopefully, the findings reported today that the risk could be reduced by as much as 80 per cent, can act as a motivator for long-term change. “Millions of people are living with untreated high blood pressure or raised cholesterol, both of which can be lowered with lifestyle changes and medication. Huge numbers of heart attacks and strokes can be prevented simply by getting to know your numbers and taking your health into your own hands. “Simple devices are now available for measuring blood pressure. Also, everyone between the ages of 40-74 is eligible for a free NHS health check, which assesses your risk of developing heart and circulatory diseases, and includes cholesterol and a blood pressure reading. It is important that people take advantage of this” find out more about heart disease risk factors Damage can build over time The excess strain and resulting damage from high blood pressure causes the coronary arteries serving the heart to slowly become narrowed from plaque — a buildup of fat, cholesterol and other substances. This slow process is called atherosclerosis. As arteries harden with plaque, blood clots are more likely to form. When an artery becomes blocked due to plaque buildup or a blood clot, the flow of blood through the heart muscle is interrupted, starving the muscle of oxygen and nutrients. The damage or death of part of the heart muscle that occurs as a result is a heart attack. Watch what happens during a heart attack. If you suspect you’re having a heart attackPain or pressure in the chest is the most common symptom of a heart attack. Other symptoms include:
If you experience one or more of these warning signs, call 911 immediately, even if you’re not sure it’s a heart attack. EMS staff can begin treatment when they arrive — up to an hour sooner than if someone gets to the hospital by a vehicle. People with chest pain who arrive by ambulance usually receive faster treatment at the hospital, too. Don’t let high blood pressure cause a heart attack:
Written by American Heart Association editorial staff and reviewed by science and medicine advisers. See our editorial policies and staff. Can you have good blood pressure and still have a heart attack?During a heart attack, blood pressure can rise, fall, or stay the same. As a result, blood pressure change without other symptoms is not a reliable sign of a heart attack.
Can you get a heart attack with normal cholesterol?"Most major heart attacks occur in people with normal cholesterol, research finds: New statin guidelines are more likely to treat these people before their heart attacks." ScienceDaily.
Can you have blocked arteries with normal cholesterol?Optimal cholesterol levels don't always translate to perfect heart health, based on a recent study that found half of healthy patients with normal cholesterol levels have dangerous plaque build-up in their arteries.
Can you have heart failure with normal BP?But heart failure can occur even with a normal ejection fraction. This happens if the heart muscle becomes stiff from conditions such as high blood pressure.
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Enlarged heart, in heart failure.. |
Can you have a heart attack with normal blood pressure and cholesterol
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